What is the Difference Between "null" and "undefined" in TypeScript?

In TypeScript, null and undefined both represent the absence of a value but differ in their usage and implications:

null: Denotes the intentional absence of any object value. It's explicitly assigned to a variable to indicate that it currently holds no value.
undefined: Indicates that a variable has been declared but has not yet been assigned a value. It's the default value for uninitialized variables.

The behavior of these types is influenced by the strictNullChecks compiler option:

With strictNullChecks disabled: Both null and undefined are considered assignable to any type, which can lead to unexpected errors.
With strictNullChecks enabled: null and undefined are only assignable to their respective types (and any), enhancing type safety by preventing unintended assignments.

Understanding these distinctions is crucial for effective type management and avoiding common pitfalls in TypeScript development.